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跨海桥梁作为关键性的海洋基础设施，其钢筋混凝土结构的服役安全长期遭受高盐、高湿及干湿交替等苛刻腐蚀条件的严重威胁。这些腐蚀条件会诱发钢筋锈蚀、混凝土性能退化及物理破坏等一系列问题，进而威胁桥墩、主梁、桥面板、支座和缆索系统等关键部位的结构性能，使其逐渐出现性能衰退的迹象。文中系统综述了跨海桥梁的钢筋混凝土结构在海洋环境下的主要劣化机理，并在此基础上提出了可行的防护策略。一方面从材料本质上提升结构的耐久性，如采用高性能混凝土和耐蚀钢筋等，另一方面从外部为结构提供防护屏障，如利用防护涂层和阴极保护技术等。同时，强调了定期检测与维护措施的重要性，包括建立结构健康监测系统以实时掌握结构状态、定期外观检查以及时发现潜在问题、开展专项检测以深入了解结构性能的变化情况等。旨在通过优化防护策略来提高跨海桥梁的耐久性和安全性，确保其在苛刻海洋腐蚀环境下的长期稳定运行。
Abstract：As a vital marine infrastructure, the cross-sea bridge's reinforced concrete structure's service safety is gravely endangered by severe corrosion circumstances such as high humidity, high salt, and prolonged dry and wet spells.These corrosion conditions can induce a series of problems such as steel corrosion, concrete performance degradation, and physical damage, which in turn threaten the structural performance of key parts such as bridge piers, main beams, bridge decks, supports, and cable systems, gradually leading to signs of performance degradation. The article systematically summarizes the main degradation mechanisms of reinforced concrete structures for cross sea bridges in marine environments, and proposes feasible protection strategies based on this. On the one hand, it improves the durability of the structure fundamentally from the material, such as using high-performance concrete and corrosion-resistant steel bars. On the other hand, it provides a protective barrier for the structure from the outside, such as using protective coatings and cathodic protection technology.The significance of routine maintenance and inspection procedures is also underlined, including the implementation of a structural health monitoring system to understand the structure's condition in real time, routine appearance inspection to identify possible issues early, and special inspection to fully comprehend how structural performance has changed. The aim is to improve the durability and safety of the cross-sea bridge by optimizing the protection strategy to ensure its long-term stable operation in the harsh marine corrosion environment.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19782/j.cnki.1674-0610.2025.02.005
中图分类号:U441
引用信息:
[1]何润,周世康,刘璇等.跨海桥梁的钢筋混凝土结构劣化机理与防护策略分析[J].公路工程,2025,50(02):34-52+94.DOI:10.19782/j.cnki.1674-0610.2025.02.005.
基金信息:
福建省自然科学基金面上资助项目(2024J01264)